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ST3 Suspension Upgrades - Forks

25K views 29 replies 21 participants last post by  MAZDuc  
#1 ·
History
I purchased my ST3 in the summer of 2005. After riding my ST3 for 5-6 months, it was painfully apparent the something needed to be done with the suspension. However, the best solution was not immediately clear. This [long] report outlines the twists and turns in a sega along the way towards perfecting the front suspension of my ST3.

One of the first things one realizes after riding a stock ST3 (my first road bike), is that the suspension is very plush. While I suppose this arrangement is nice at first; after I began to learn to be more confident and began enjoying faster and faster rides through twisty mountain terrain this became a annoying liability to my continued learning progress and enjoyment on the bike.

Initial Research
Although I had a good working knowledge of racing suspension on 4 wheeled vehicles, my knowledge of the subject as it related to road bikes was nill. I began reading the racing motorcycle forums, the "Independent Bike Suspension Forum", and many of the leading suspension vendor sites. I read and re-read motorcycle suspension setup articles to get a grasp of what was available, how to set it up properly, and also to try and separate the BS from the truly knowledgable and informed suggestions.

The conclusions I came too for my needs may not be the ones you would necessarily come to, and I'm sure there are 10 people lined up to defend their choice in suspension vendors, etc.

It was abundantly clear that the spring rate would need to be increased. The change to .95kg front springs was almost universally suggested (depending on your weight of course - I'm about 185lbs). After that, everyone seemed to have a differing opinion.

There are quite a wide variety of options in terms of valving, shim stack arrangements, complete cartridges, etc, being promoted by a wide variety of vendors promising to provide you the "ultimate ride" :)

Stock ST3 Forks
The stock forks on the ST3 only provide for pre-load adjustment. There are no external adjustments for compression or rebound, and they are very undersprung. I was reluctant to invest in new fork internals and ultimately still end up with non adjustable forks.

What Fits What? - Monster/748/749/998/999
Over at the Ducati Monster List forum, there are quite a few threads detailing superbike fork swaps onto Monsters. This seemed like a reasonable and direct approach if it could be applied to my ST3. This would achieve the goal of adjustable forks, and even if the internals would need to be replaced, it seemed a better overall investment.

It turns out that Ducati (in it's infinite wisdom), decided that forks on some models needed to be different lengths. They also specified that different bottom and top diameters be used (54/53/50mm). They even decided that brake caliper spacing and offsets should be different as well as fender mounting brackets on model to model and year to year, just to keep us on our toes.... :)


The Tear Down
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While still trying to figure out the ideal fork solution, I went ahead and dismantled the front end of the ST3. After taking off the side fairings, front fairing, windscreen, mirrors, etc, I could finally get to the lower triple clamp bolts. I secured the bike by using two "redundant" tie straps through the front of the frame to some rafters above. This allowed the removal of the front wheel, forks, and steering stem. Stock forks are below:
Image


While it was in this state, I installed new tapered steering bearings. I also installed an insanely loud air horn. Damn that's loud.

The poor bike - it looked so naked, all tied up and hanging in the air...


Almost There
After navigating this maze of options, it turns out that the commonly available 748 and 998 models are the correct length and have the right front fender mounting arrangement. The problem is that while the stock ST3 forks are 50mm through the top triple clamp and 54mm through the bottom triple, the 748/998 forks are 53mm both top and bottom.

Usually this fork swap issue is easily solved by using a 1.5mm shim in the bottom triple, and by boring out the top triple & risers by 3mm. But nothing is ever that simple is it?

Ebay to the rescue
I was finally able to find some 998 forks on ebay and purchased them. The lower sliders had the Ti-Nitride coating, and they had been modified by suspension tuner G.M.D.
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Problems
Keep in mind that the stock forks are 50mm top, and 54mm bottom. The newly purchased 998 forks are 53mm top and bottom.

I had just purchased some Cycle Cat risers for my ST3, which have a 50mm bore for the stock forks. The wall thickness is only ~0.150", which doesn't safely allow enough extra material to be bored out for my comfort to fit the 53mm 998 forks.

So here I had new forks and new risers which just wouldn't fit each other. What to do?

GP Suspension
I had heard good things about GP Suspension, and after much research, decided to go with their custom fork valving, shim stack, etc. From everything I could learn, this setup was in a different league than your generic "Gold Valve" drop-in

I talked with Dave there, and asked him to see if there was anyway he could get the stock ST3 fork upper tubes mated up with the 998 bottom fork sliders, retaining all of the external adjustability.

This would let me use the stock ST3 upper and lower triple clamps without modification, use the Cycle Cat risers, and retain all of the external adjustability of the 998 forks.

I took the stock and the 998 forks down to his shop and he said he'd give it a try. I crossed my fingers.

Success
Hello?
"Hey, it's GP Suspension and your forks on done."
Really, that was fast! Did you get it all to fit?
"Yep. You have our custom fork valve kit with all new internals, new springs, seals, fluid, etc. You're good to go."

998 sliders matched to ST3 upper tubes with GP Suspension internals below:
Image


This was very good news, as the inve$tment was climbing and I feared starting over.

Putting it back together
Good thing I took some pictures...

STOCK FORKS
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GP SUSPENSION 998/ST3 FORKS
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On the Road
This is a different motorcycle. It is so stable on braking it is amazing. I've set the sag and I initially had to soften up the compression a bit, but the improved road feel gives an immediate confidence boost.

I'm still getting used to the sensation of feeling so much more of the road surface, and my reaction skills need improvement. Almost all of my experience so far has been spent reacting to the stock suspension, and now that I can feel what is really happening, the bike feels like's it's going much faster than it really is through the corners. Seat time will remedy this.

Of everything I've done so far, the upgraded front forks have made biggest difference, and now this really is a different motorcycle. A huge improvement.

Now I fully understand the many suggestions to not even bother with engine performance until you've addressed suspension. Never was a statement more true.
 
#4 ·
Nice write up, makes me think about improvements even to my bike.
 
#5 ·
ST-3 Suspension upgrades Fork

If you worked for the factory, we would not have much to do!
I think that your bike is the way they should all be from the start.
How where the fairing fasteners? Mine were terrible on my ST-4(2002)
What I did was to take all of those little rubber things with nut inside them that seem to freeze up and just spin and spin when your trying to remove the plastic and throw then in the garbage!!! Next I took a two inch piece of thin flatstock and drill three holes in it. Two of the holes are for pop rivets and the center hole I brazed a 5mm nut to it. On the peice of fairing that had the rubber nut things I drilled two small holes for the rivets. You can use the stock screws and from the outside you can't tell the difference!!!! It took me almost a half of a day to do 16 of them but it was really worth the effort. I no longer worry about taking of the fairing anymore!!! A little grease on the threads helps also.
 
#7 ·
I thought I might respond to this old thread and thank Ducati23 for originally sharing his suspension experience.

With the nuggets of information he left in his posts I was able to duplicate the fork modification using a pair of 2000 748 forks as donors and now have fully adjustable suspension on my 2004 ST3.

A few notes are worth mentioning. If you too are looking for donor forks, be aware that in addition to 948 forks, the 748 forks will work too but you do not want forks from an earlier 748 model as they are not fully adjustable. I am not sure of the exact cut off year but do know that 2000 and newer do have fully adjustable forks and a 748S will have a TiN coating.. One nice benefit of the donor forks is that they will also provide you the stiffer springs to replace the soft touring springs of the ST3 standard.

If you are in the San Francisco Bay Area or if you want to ship them your forks, I found that Jim Lindemann at LE Suspension was a pleasure to deal with and they had no hesitancy performing the swap. They can also valve your forks while they have them. He's a real Pro and the work was first rate. http://www.le-suspension.com/

I chose the Penske 3-way for the rear and added the height adjustable swing arm tie rod also. Since I was in pretty deep at that point, I decided to also pay the modest fee and have LE Suspension do an in person suspension setup. The experience that guy brings makes the fee a bargain.

Naturally the motorcycle's feel is utterly transformed for the better. One nice side benefit that I had not anticipated is that the ST3's annoying fork dive when easing off the throttle is now gone. That alone is almost worth since it drove me nuts no matter how smooth I was with her. Good luck with yours, its worth every penny.
 
#8 ·
Found this old post while searching around to do the same thing - upgrade the forks on my ST3.

Anybody else carried out this mod? and have any details of what internals need to be changed when using the ST outers with 9** internals/lowers?

Had toyed with the idea of getting a set of ohlins from a 9** or even an Aprilia rsvr but this maybe a more cost effective route.

Cheers
 
#13 ·
ST3 Front end upgrade




Jon - As an advance on a PM, here is a link to the thread containing my post on what I had done to my bike:
http://www.ducati.ms/forums/showthread.php?t=72112

There's an error in the body of my post - I used 996 forks, not 998 forks as stated, although they are probably identical (?).

Being closer to Nth America than I am, suggest you contact Cogent Dynamics ('NCRick' on this forum) for quality advice re all options. My solution was expensive in that I bought forks from the US and shipping is expensive, then I went to a local specialist for disassembly and re-assembly and other things.

cheers,

Dave
 
#9 ·
History
I

What Fits What? - Monster/748/749/998/999
Over at the Ducati Monster List forum, there are quite a few threads detailing superbike fork swaps onto Monsters. This seemed like a reasonable and direct approach if it could be applied to my ST3. This would achieve the goal of adjustable forks, and even if the internals would need to be replaced, it seemed a better overall investment.

It turns out that Ducati (in it's infinite wisdom), decided that forks on some models needed to be different lengths. They also specified that different bottom and top diameters be used (54/53/50mm). They even decided that brake caliper spacing and offsets should be different as well as fender mounting brackets on model to model and year to year, just to keep us on our toes.... :)
Why not simply buy an ST4s forks? Everything will fit and you'll have the same profits as any other Ducati forks will provide.
Is the availability of ST4s forks that bad or what?

Nevertheless, the way you chose will be much more challenging, but at least also a lot less convenient.
Thanks anyway for the update. If necessary I'll find my way to a bigger market on offer now.
 
#10 ·
Why not simply buy an ST4s forks? Everything will fit and you'll have the same profits as any other Ducati forks will provide.
Is the availability of ST4s forks that bad or what?
That was my first thought as well. Do the ST4s forks and front suspension not have all the adjustability that the OP wanted?
 
#14 ·
The ST3s also has Tin treatment on the fork legs - I agree that these forks are hard to come by as just went through the process a few months back but fortunately a local lunched their engine and decided to part out the bike rather than pay for the re-build - Thankfully his loss was my gain - for ÂŁ 300 so was very pleased.
 
#17 · (Edited)
As some of the previous posts have said, if I could pick up a nice set of ST*S forks (and a ohlins shock) then problem solved but unless you are very lucky there is not many about in breakers (at least on this side of the pond).

Plan to carry out this work over the winter as both the front forks and rear shock are well overdue a strip down and service. Have managed to pick up a 2nd hand alloy 2003 M900 swingarm to fit when changing/upgrading the shock (have not decided whether to go down the ohlins route or just upgrade the stock shock with a heavier spring/improved internals (anybody tried this with any success?)).

Dave,

Thanks for the info, would probably be using my local Ohlins man to do the job as he knows his stuff (PLRS in Carrowdore, he did an excellent job of refurbing my old ohlins on my 888) and really need some background on what needs to be changed/swapped about before I go down this route.

There seems to be quite a lot of sbk forks around in the UK at the moment and well priced, it would be nice to pick up the later 996/8 gold forks although I have already been offered a set of 748sps ones for ÂŁ200!

Cheers

Jonathan
 
#18 ·
I know I'll catch hell for this, but it works ok for me.

An old racer friend of mine helped me with my preload when I first got my ST3.

He machined a spacer for the shock and installed spacers in the forks. Result is no more nose dive upon breaking, no more mushy feeling and wallowing in corners. Still not as good as it could be, but much improved.

On my short list when I can afford it, is to have Cogent Dynamics rebuild my forks and upgrade the shock with the Penske or Olins.
 
#19 ·
Stiffer springs is the way to go, but you know that. :)

I remember when I had my FJR, that many riders felt the shock was too weak. Some bought an Ohlins (or Wilburs) upgrade, and others simply some added a spacer/washer to increase pre-load, which seemed to work as good as the Ohlins upgrade according to those riders who did both. I thought that was odd. Must have been a very long spring.
 
#22 ·
Just a warning for anyone considering doing this (998 lower tubes and internals mated to ST3 outer tubes), the resultant forks are about 10mm shorter than stock forks.

I just had the same done to mine and the bike turns in a lot easier. Stability has decreased, but not too much.
 
#24 · (Edited)
FWIW I did this mod having GP Suspension performing the surgery and the results are fantastic. The write up on this forum was extremely well written so that plain folk like myself could just follow a step-by-step plan. I had already installed an adjustable ride height..... adjuster..... and turned it so that about 7mm was taken out of the ride height. I adjusted the ride height using the ride height adjuster IOW. I wanted the steering slightly quicker while giving up a tiny amount of stability. Did I notice anything different. Well, no, but the ride was excellent thanks to the new forks. The rest of it, steering and stability is theoretical and may be noticed on a track day perhaps but certainly not day to day riding.

Go ahead and do the hybrid fork mod. You will be happy with the results. The GP work is about $650 plus the shipping. All told you will have about $8-900 invested depending on how much the donor forks cost. Mine were $100 plus shipping (a great price, really as I have seen some fork pairs listed for $250-300)

Good luck.
 
#26 ·
I sent GP my OEM 2004 ST3 pre-load only adjustment forks and a donor fork pair (996). A total of two pairs of forks. They matched the 996 lowers and using their GP custom valve as well as the top adjuster parts from the donor to create a hybrid pair of fully adjustable forks. The compression adjustment is gained from the 996 lowers and the pre-load (unchanged) and rebound is gained from moving the cap from the donor fork and marrying it into their valving and then into the donor fork cap. Their website shows a general picture of their GP valve that they will be using. I cannot say enough good things about the whole of the mod and GP Suspension themselves. Top notch work.

I did not ask for any of the other parts back but theoretically you could end up with another whole pair of forks that would not fit anything. I just didn't need any of the extra bits so they disposed of them or scrapped them or gave them away. Probably recycled them is my guess.

There is a two or three year old thread in this section that describes the procedure in detail and it includes a very good ride review of the before and after.
 
#30 ·
Ok! It looks like I may be really close to solving my fork deal...

After looking for ST4S forks, finding them for $600, I thought it was too expensive. I was told you should have bought them. I did loose out on them.

Next was to find a pair of 748, 996 or 998 Ni Trid or non treated have them mated to my ST3 uppers. I found that it would be anywhere from $200 to about $600 for forks, about $300 for mating the forks, all said and done $1300 or so.

Next, find someone to work my stock forks, starting at about $400 up to $1500 plus.

It looks like Catalyst Reaction will rebuild the stock forks with a GP cartridge, it is more money that I want to spend but they told me it would be like putting a band-aid on it spending $700 for a re valve & new springs. Go for the big money if you are keeping the bike.